Vasculitis types & Clinical
Inflammation of blood vessels.It happens when the body's immune system attacks the blood vessel by mistake. It can happen because of an infection, a medicine, or another disease. The cause is often unknown. Vasculitis can affect arteries, veins and capillaries.
Classification of Vasculitis.
I. INFECTIOUS ARTERITIS
1. Endarteritis obliterans.
2. Non-syphilitic infective arteritis.
3. Syphilitic arteritis.
II. NON-INFECTIOUS ARTERITIS
1. Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN).
2. Hypersensitivity(allergic,leucocytoclastic) vasculitis.
3. Wegener’s granulomatosis.
4. Temporal (giant cell) arteritis.
5. Takayasu’s arteritis (pulseless disease).
6. Kawasaki’s disease.
7. Buerger’s disease (thromboangiitis obliterans).
8. Miscellaneous vasculitis.
Endarteritis Obliterans
Endarteritis obliterans is not a disease entity but a pathologic designation used for non-specific inflammatory response of arteries and arterioles to a variety of irritants. It is commonly seen close to the lesions of peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, tuberculous and chronic abscesses in the lungs, chronic cutaneous ulcers, chronic meningitis,and in post-partum and post-menopausal uterine arteries.
Non-syphilitic Infective Arteritis
Various forms of invasions of the artery by bacteria, fungi, parasites or viruses, either directly or by haematogenous route, cause non-syphilitic infective arteritis.
Syphilitic Arteritis
Syphilitic or luetic vascular involvement occurs in all stages of syphilis but is more prominent in the tertiary stage. The changes that are found in the syphilitic arteritis are seen within the arterial tissue (syphilitic endarteritis) and in the periarterial tissues (syphilitic periarteritis). Manifestations of the disease are particularly prominent at two sites—the aorta and the cerebral arteries.
General clinical features of vasculitis:
- 1 ) Systematic effect.
- 2 ) Local effect.
(i) Systematic effects of Vasculitis.(Click here).?
(ii) Local effects of Vasculitis.(Click here).?
•) Mechanism of Vasculitis- (Click here)
How many types of vasculitis -:
1) Large vessels vasculitis.
2) Medium size vessels vasculitis.
3) Small vessels vasculitis.
1) Large vessels vasculitis-:
They are 2 types & and real difference between this is age and site of involvement.
(i) Gaint cell Arteritis ..??
(i) Gaint cell Arteritis ..??
2) Medium size vessels vasculitis-:
(i) Kawasaki Vasculitis....?
(ii) PAN ( Polyarteritis Nodosa)....?
(iii) Burgers Disease...????
(i) Kawasaki Vasculitis....?
(ii) PAN ( Polyarteritis Nodosa)....?
(iii) Burgers Disease...????
3) Small vessels vasculitis.
It is typically associated with ANCA
Polyarteritis Nodosa-: PAN
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1) It is seen in medium size vessels.
2) It is lesion of different age.
3) Doesn't involve Pulmonary Artery.
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Wegner Granulomatous-:
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1) C-ANCA positive.C-ANCA against Proteinase-3 (PR-3).
2) Present Granuloma.
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Polyangitis-:
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1) It is.P-ANCA positive.
2) No Granuloma.
3) Small size vessels.It is a disease of same age.
4) It involved Pulmonary artery.
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